Macrofungi richness in northern Sinaloa, Mexico
Abstract
Background: Macrofungi, characterized by a visible fruiting body, are fundamental organisms for the health of ecosystems. Northern Sinaloa has ecosystems adapted to xerophytic conditions with significant fungal richness; however, despite previous reports, knowledge of fungi remains fragmented.
Objective: To contribute to the knowledge of the richness and ecological habits of macrofungi in northern Sinaloa.
Methods: Directed sampling was used to collect fruiting bodies in four municipalities in northern Sinaloa state (August - October 2023). Identification was based on macro- and micromorphological characters and a specialized bibliography. Species were classified by ecological habit, life forms, and potential use. Whitaker indices were calculated to assess the understanding of species variability, and a Jaccard similarity index among the municipalities.
Results and Conclusions: 85 species were recorded within two phyla, nine orders, 30 families, and 60 genera. The families richest in species were Polyporaceae (15) and Agaricaceae (14). The most common ecological habit was saprophytic. Species with edible, medicinal, toxic, and psychoactive characteristics were found. The indices revealed high species turnover and low similarity among municipalities. The study provides a preliminary inventory of macrofungi in northern Sinaloa, with implications for their conservation, sustainable use, and local biotechnological development.
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